KHARTOUM: African nations began an investigation yesterday into allegations by Sudan and South Sudan that they are supporting rebels operating in each other’s territory, the African Union said.
The AU and east African bloc, the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD), launched the investigative panel in the Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa. The three senior military officers begin their six-week mission ahead of an August 7 deadline from Khartoum to shut a pipeline carrying South Sudanese oil for export.
In a surprise move in early June, Sudan gave companies 60 days to stop transporting oil from South Sudan after President Omar Hassan Al Bashir accused the Juba government of backing rebels in the north.
Juba denies supporting the insurgents and in turn says Khartoum assists rebels on southern soil. Also, regional nations began determining the centreline of a demilitarised buffer zone that is to straddle the 2,000km undemarcated border between the two countries.
“The launch of these mechanisms underscores the seriousness with which the African Union and IGAD regard relations between Sudan and South Sudan,” the AU said. “Since 2010, Africa has been working tirelessly to promote two mutually viable states, and these current allegations threaten this objective, and in fact pose a threat to regional peace and security.”
South Sudan became independent two years ago under a peace deal which ended a 22-year civil war. It took with it with most of the formerly united Sudan’s 470,000 barrels per day of oil production. The pipelines and the Red Sea export terminal remained in the north.
The Juba government halted its crude production early last year in a dispute over how much it should pay Khartoum to use the export infrastructure.
Rising tensions led to months of intermittent border clashes, until the two countries in March reached detailed timetables to implement a deal for the oil fees and several other issues, including the demilitarised zone designed to cut cross-border rebel support.
Although the buffer zone was being set up, analysts say Bashir ordered the pipeline shut after continued rebel attacks humiliated the Sudanese authorities. But South Sudan has not been alone in supporting insurgents, observers say.
“Everybody knows that both of them are supporting rebels,” an African diplomat said last week. “It’s clear as daylight.”
It is “a long-practised tactic” for Sudan to support and arm militias in South Sudan, the Small Arms Survey, a Swiss-based independent research project, said in a report this month.
At the same time, Juba continues to provide “logistical and coordination support”, including access to rear bases in the South’s Unity state, for the Sudan Revolutionary Front (SRF), Small Arms Survey said.
The SRF includes rebels from the western Darfur region of Sudan as well as in South Kordofan and Blue Nile states on the border with the South. Sudan and South Sudan had an April 5 deadline to withdraw from the Safe Demilitarised Border Zone.
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