Consultant Family Medicine at Mesaimeer Health Center, part of the Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC), Dr. Nizar Haddad
Doha, Qatar: With changing seasons and fluctuating weather conditions, along with the spread of dust in our homes and workplaces, many people experience bothersome symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, and itchy eyes.
These symptoms are not merely a passing “cold”; they are often signs of allergic rhinitis, commonly known as “nasal allergy.” It is a widespread condition that can significantly affect quality of life.
Consultant Family Medicine at Mesaimeer Health Center, part of the Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC), Dr. Nizar Haddad explains that allergic rhinitis is an exaggerated immune response to substances that are usually harmless, known as allergens. When these substances are inhaled, the body releases histamine and other chemicals that trigger the symptoms.
Allergies are generally classified into two main types: seasonal allergies, which occur at specific times of the year due to pollen from trees and grasses, and perennial (year-round) allergies, caused by continuous exposure to environmental triggers such as dust mites, animal dander, or mold.
Symptoms include a runny or blocked nose, frequent sneezing (especially in the morning), itching in the nose, eyes, or roof of the mouth, and sometimes the ears, as well as dark circles under the eyes due to chronic congestion.
In more severe cases, patients may also experience headaches, general fatigue, and a reduced sense of smell and taste, which can negatively impact concentration at work or school.
Dr. Haddad notes that scientific studies indicate allergic rhinitis is a significant health challenge in the Gulf region. In Qatar, allergic skin conditions are among the most common health issues seen in primary care. A study conducted by PHCC and published in November 2024, analysing data from 937,553 patients, showed that 27% of dermatology clinic attendees suffered from dermatitis and eczema—conditions strongly associated with allergies.
According to medical guidance, allergic rhinitis can be managed through three main strategies first reducing exposure to triggers (environmental control); using air purifiers with specialized filters in bedrooms; washing bed linens and pillows weekly in hot water (at least 60°C) to eliminate dust mites; removing carpets and heavy curtains where possible and replacing them with washable materials; and keeping indoor humidity below 50% using dehumidifiers.
The second important step is to follow medication and antihistamines (anti-allergy medications) such as loratadine or cetirizine, which are effective in relieving sneezing, itching, and runny nose. These are available over the counter.
Also use corticosteroid nasal sprays such as fluticasone, which are the most effective treatment for controlling all symptoms, especially nasal congestion, but require regular use for several days to achieve full effect.
Dr. Haddad emphasises that allergic rhinitis is not a minor condition that can be ignored, as it affects work, education, and daily life for millions of people in Qatar. Consulting a family physician is advised if symptoms interfere with sleep or daily productivity, do not improve with over-the-counter medications, or if asthma symptoms such as wheezing or shortness of breath appear.
